Renewable energy technologies are at the center of the global energy transition and critical to unlocking a low-carbon energy ecosystem. More developed solutions, notably solar, wind and energy storage, are cost-effectively competing with fossil-fuel incumbents but remain in the early stages of their maturity cycles. Emerging technologies and applications such as renewable diesel, renewable natural gas, sustainable aviation fuel, geothermal and hydrogen are at different points of development, and each must overcome myriad unique commercial and technology risks.